1. What is the Fire Flow Formula?

The Fire Flow formula calculates the required water flow rate (in gallons per minute) needed to control or extinguish a fire, based on the nozzle coefficient, diameter, and water pressure.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Fire Flow equation:

Where:

• \( GPM \) — Gallons per minute (fire flow rate)
• \( C \) — Nozzle coefficient (dimensionless)
• \( d \) — Diameter of the nozzle (inches)
• \( P \) — Pressure (psi)

Explanation: The equation accounts for the relationship between nozzle characteristics and water pressure to determine flow rate.

3. Importance of Fire Flow Calculation

Details: Accurate fire flow calculation is crucial for firefighting operations, ensuring adequate water supply for fire control and extinguishment.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the nozzle coefficient, diameter in inches, and pressure in psi. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are typical values for the coefficient (C)?
A: Common values range from 0.95 to 1.2 depending on nozzle type and manufacturer specifications.

Q2: How does diameter affect fire flow?
A: Flow increases with the square of the diameter - doubling the diameter quadruples the flow rate.

Q3: What pressure range is typical for firefighting?
A: Most firefighting operations use pressures between 50-100 psi at the nozzle.

Q4: Are there limitations to this formula?
A: This is a theoretical calculation - actual flow may vary due to friction loss, hose characteristics, and nozzle design.

Q5: How is this used in firefighting?
A: Fire departments use these calculations to determine pump settings and ensure adequate water supply for fire streams.