1. What is Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?

Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation states that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation:

Where:

• \( F \) — Gravitational force (N)
• \( G \) — Gravitational constant (6.674×10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg²)
• \( m_1 \) — Mass of first object (kg)
• \( m_2 \) — Mass of second object (kg)
• \( r \) — Distance between centers of the masses (m)

Explanation: The equation shows that gravitational force increases with larger masses and decreases rapidly with greater distance between them.

3. Importance of Gravitational Force Calculation

Details: Understanding gravitational forces is crucial in astrophysics, orbital mechanics, and understanding fundamental physical interactions in the universe.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter masses in kilograms and distance in meters. All values must be positive numbers. Distance must be greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is the gravitational constant so small?
A: The gravitational force is inherently very weak compared to other fundamental forces, hence the small constant value.

Q2: Does this work for any two objects?
A: Yes, but for non-spherical objects or very close distances, more complex calculations are needed.

Q3: Why does distance have such a big impact?
A: Because the force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, making it decrease rapidly as distance increases.

Q4: Can this calculate Earth's gravity on an object?
A: Yes, using Earth's mass (5.972 × 10²⁴ kg) and Earth's radius (6.371 × 10⁶ m) for distance.

Q5: Why are the results so small for everyday objects?
A: Gravitational force between everyday objects is extremely weak compared to Earth's gravity or electromagnetic forces.