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Dilution Equation:
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The dilution equation (C₁V₁ = C₂V₂) describes the relationship between concentrations and volumes before and after a dilution. It's based on the principle of mass conservation where the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution.
The calculator uses the dilution equation:
Where:
Explanation: The product of initial concentration and volume equals the product of final concentration and volume. You can solve for any one variable if the other three are known.
Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential in chemistry, biology, medicine, and many industrial processes for preparing solutions of desired concentrations from stock solutions.
Tips: Enter three known values (concentrations in M, volumes in mL) and set the fourth value to 0. The calculator will compute the missing value. All values must be positive numbers.
Q1: What units should I use?
A: The calculator uses molarity (M) for concentration and milliliters (mL) for volume, but any consistent units will work as long as you're consistent.
Q2: Can I use this for serial dilutions?
A: Yes, but you'll need to calculate each dilution step separately. The equation applies to single dilution steps.
Q3: What if my stock solution is very concentrated?
A: The equation works regardless of concentration, but for very concentrated solutions, you may need to account for volume changes due to mixing.
Q4: Does temperature affect the calculation?
A: The calculation assumes volumes are additive at constant temperature. For precise work, temperature effects may need consideration.
Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The calculation is mathematically exact, but practical accuracy depends on measurement precision and whether volume changes occur during mixing.