1. What is the Dilution Equation?

The dilution equation (C1 × V1 = C2 × V2) describes the relationship between concentrations and volumes before and after dilution. It's based on the principle of mass conservation where the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution equation:

Where:

• \( C_1 \) — Initial concentration (mol/L)
• \( V_1 \) — Initial volume (L)
• \( C_2 \) — Final concentration (mol/L)
• \( V_2 \) — Final volume (L)

Explanation: The equation states that the product of initial concentration and volume equals the product of final concentration and volume after dilution.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential in chemistry, biology, and medicine for preparing solutions of desired concentrations from stock solutions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter any three known values (leaving one field empty) to calculate the missing value. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can I use different concentration units?
A: Yes, but all concentrations must be in the same units, and all volumes must be in the same units.

Q2: What if I need to prepare a specific volume?
A: Enter C1, C2, and V2 to calculate how much stock solution (V1) you need to dilute to the final volume.

Q3: Does this work for serial dilutions?
A: For serial dilutions, you need to perform calculations step-by-step for each dilution in the series.

Q4: What's the difference between dilution and concentration?
A: Dilution is making a solution less concentrated by adding solvent, while concentration is the reverse process.

Q5: How precise should my measurements be?
A: Precision depends on your application. Analytical work requires high precision (±0.1%), while educational experiments may tolerate ±5%.